Translation and validation of the Chinese version of the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire

Abstract

The psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ) could reflect dental aesthetic degrees evaluated by traditional dental aesthetic indices. However, no Chinese version of PIDAQ has been used. The aim of this study was to translate the original English version of PIDAQ into Chinese and to assess the validity and reliability of the Chinese version for application in Chinese young adults. The questionnaire was translated into Chinese, back translated, pre-tested, and cross-culturally adapted. Subsequently, the Chinese version of PIDAQ along with two other scales, the aesthetic component of Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need and the Perception of Occlusion Scale, were administered to 436 young adults from the city of Guangzhou, China. Two hundred and twenty-five of them perceived 'have demand' for orthodontics and 221 perceived 'no demand'. Cronbach's alpha of the translated PIDAQ was 0.94, corrected item-total correlation ranged from 0.39 to 0.81. The 23 items of PIDAQ were divided into three domains. There was a logical relation between the items in the same domain and a highly significant association between scores of PIDAQ and the two other scales. The 'have demand' group scored significantly higher than the 'no demand' group using PIDAQ (P < 0.01). The translated Chinese version of PIDAQ demonstrated good reliability, validity, and responsiveness. Its sufficient discriminative and evaluative psychometric properties provide the theoretical evidence for further use in study on orthodontic-specific aspects of quality of life among Chinese young adults. © 2011 The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Orthodontic Society. All rights reserved.