Tourette syndrome in children

Abstract

Background Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS), characterised by motor and vocal tics, has a prevalence of approximately 1% in school-aged children. Commonly encountered comorbidities of GTS include attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive- compulsive behaviour/disorder (OCB/OCD). Genetic factors play an important part in the aetiology of GTS, and family members may exhibit tics or related disorders such as ADHD, OCB or OCD. Objective The aim of this article is to present a summary of the current evidence to assist the assessment and management of GTS in primary care. Discussion A comprehensive assessment should include exploration of not only tics but also associated features and comorbidities. The stigmatising and impairing nature of tics can have a significant impact on the quality of life of the young person and their parents/ carers, as well as on family functioning. Management includes education and explanation, behavioural treatments and (sometimes) medication.