Simple experimental setup for producing polarization-entangled photons

Abstract

Quantum entanglement is an important action in quantum mechanics. Basically, quantum entanglement of correlated photon pairs can be produced by spontaneous down-conversion process inside the two birefringence crystals. This work aims to create a pair of photons, i.e. signal and idler, that are entangled and to assay the relation between these photons by using polarization-entangled photon pairs to demonstrate quantum non-locality by comparing with the Malus's law. From the experiments, the coincidence counts as a function of relative angle (-β) between transmission axis of the polarizer and analyzer were obtained and the polarization entanglement curve was demonstrated. This result corresponding with polarization entanglement prediction term of 1/2 cos2 (-β) which confirmed the entanglement of photons.