Stress, coping strategies and health-related quality of life during the corona pandemic in April 2020 in Germany

Abstract

Introduction International studies indicate that pandemics and quarantine can lead to significantly increased stress levels and mental illness in those affected. Stress levels and quality of life in selected population groups in the early phase of the lockdown of the corona pandemic were examined. Associations of coping strategies with perceived stress levels and associations of activities to increase well-being with health-related quality of life as an aspect of well-being are presented. Methods Data from the first survey wave of the CoPa study were evaluated, which were collected via online survey. Group differences regarding stress and quality of life were explorative tested by means of Chi-square tests and T-tests. Associations of coping strategies with stress and of activities to increase well-being with health-related quality of life were calculated using linear regression analysis. Results Among the 5315 participants, persons at risk of mental health and those who did not go out in public showed signs of depression, anxiety disorders and stress significantly more often than other participants. Persons with children under 12 years of age showed significantly higher stress levels than others and their health-related quality of life was comparable. Perceived social support and self-efficacy proved to be resources for stress. Humor, physical activity, healthy eating, maintaining daily routines and pursuing specific goals were positively associated with health-related quality of life. Discussion Persons with mental health risks need therapeutic services in times of reduced contact. Selected measures to increase well-being appear to be effective and should be recommended.