Healthy diet is essential to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevention for women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). To evaluate the effect of a lifestyle intervention program on diet quality for rural women who were previously diagnosed with GDM, we conducted a randomized controlled study in two counties located in south-central China. A total of 404 eligible women were allocated into an intervention group and control group. Participants in the intervention group received 6-month lifestyle intervention including six group seminars and eight telephone consultations. Dietary data were collected at baseline and 18 months via a 24 h dietary recall, and dietary quality was measured by two indicators, Chinese Healthy Eating Score (CHEI) and Mini-mum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W). Baseline CHEI scores (54.4 vs. 53.5, p = 0.305) and the proportions of participants who met MDD-W (73.8% vs. 74.5%, p = 0.904) were comparable between the two groups. The intervention group achieved a higher CHEI score (62.2 vs. 58.9, p = 0.001) and higher MDD-W proportion (90.6% vs. 81.2%, p = 0.023) at 18 months. Lifestyle intervention was associated with the change of CHEI (p = 0.049) but not with MDD-W (p = 0.212). In conclusion, compared with usual care, lifestyle intervention resulted in greater improvement of dietary quality among rural women with previous GDM.
CITATION STYLE
Li, M., Lin, Q., Shi, J., Xi, Y., Xiang, C., Yong, C., & Guo, J. (2021). The impact of lifestyle intervention on dietary quality among rural women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus— a randomized controlled study. Nutrients, 13(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13082642
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