In slilico methods for eradication of papaya leaf curl disease from Carica Papaya

Abstract

Carica papaya is a common fruit found in India. It has various medicinal properties. several viral diseases of papaya cause huge lose to agricultural economy to a large scale. The most commonly reported is Papaya leaf curl disease which is caused by Papaya leaf curl virus. Papaya leaf curl virus belongs to the genus Begomovirus i.e. has bipartite genome. Its C2(L2) gene in segment A of genome functions as transcription activator. To remove the infection of this virus from papaya gene silencing feature was considered. Out of several methods for gene silencing, RNA interference was studied in detailed to remove Papaya leaf curl disease through in silico. AGO1, QDE-2, and RDE-1are the related proteins required for transcriptional gene silencing in plants. These protein belong to Argonaute family and play central role in RNA silencing processes. RISC is the RNA induced silencing complex responsible for gene silencing. GW(Genome Wide Micro RNAs proteins) stand for (miRNA). It guides argonaute proteins to target mRNAs leading to gene silencing. The maximum homology of Papaya leaf curl virus was found to be with Tobacco Curly Shoot Virus. It has been found from literature that Carica papaya shares common ancestor with Arabidopsis Thaliana. The related proteins i.e. AGO1, QDE-2, and RDE is common protein found in both the species. These proteins are required for transcriptional gene silencing in plants. This suggests that these proteins can help in transcriptional gene silencing in Carica papaya too. This transcriptional gene silencing will repress the gene C2(L2) and thus stop further infection of virus. Bemisia tabaci is the insect vector of Papaya leaf curl virus. Controlling the population of this insect vector can reduce the chances of this virus infecting Carica papaya. Dimethoate is an insecticide used to kill this insect vector and is hazardous for human life. Anatoxin is a naturally occurring organophosphate isolated from blue-green algae and can be used as an efficient insecticide against Bemisia Tabaci.