Perkembangan dan pelestarian tenun Corak Insang khas kota Pontianak

Abstract

Kota Pontianak memiliki kain bercorak khas yang berupa tenun corak Insang sebagai identitas budaya yang harus dikembangkan dan dilestarikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji perkembangan dan pelestarian tenun Corak Insang khas kota Pontianak. Tenun Corak Insang merupakan kain yang mengandung nilai budaya yang tinggi sejak zaman Kesultanan Pontianak dan harus dilestarikan keberadaanya. Perlunya perluasan fakta-fakta menarik terkait perkembangan dan pelestarian tenun Corak Insang secara luas sejak dahulu hingga sekarang demi terjaganya keberadaan tenun Corak Insang agar terus dikreasikan, dicintai dan diminati oleh generasi ke generasi. Metode yang digunakan penelitian kualitatif melalui pendekatan deskriptif. Sedangkan sumber data terdiri atas data primer yaitu hasil wawancara dan pengamatan proses pembuatan tenun serta kunjungan museum, data sekunder diperoleh dari arsip gambar dan informasi. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi. Awalnya tenun Corak Insang hanya digunakan oleh kalangan bangsawan di istana Kadriah Pontianak saja. Sebagai lambang identitas bangsawan atau status sosial pada suatu kelompok. Baik dari segi penggunaannya, pembuatan maupun perkembangan dari segi coraknya yang saat ini semakin beragam dan terus dilestarikan oleh masyarakat Melayu kota Pontianak. Disimpulkan bahwa perkembangan dan pelestarian tenun corak insang sudah mengalami inovasi dan kreasi yang lebih baik dengan tetap memertahankan nilai dan tampilan yang khas agar tetap eksis sebagai hasil dari tangan produksinya serta penggunaannya tidak terbatas hanya golongan tertentu saja.   The city of Pontianak has a distinctively patterned cloth in gill pattern weaving as a cultural identity that must be developed and preserved. This study examines developing and preserving the Pontianak City-style woven corak insang. Weaving with gill patterns is a cloth that has contained high cultural value since the time of the Pontianak Sultanate, and its existence must be preserved. It is necessary to expand on interesting facts related to the development and preservation of corak insang weaving from ancient times until now to maintain the existence of gill pattern weaving so that it continues to be created, loved, and in demand by generations. The method used is qualitative research through a descriptive approach. The data sources consist of primary data, namely the results of interviews and observations of the process of making weaving and museum visits, and secondary data obtained from archives of images and information. Data collection techniques were done through observation, interviews, and documentation. Initially, the nobility only used the corak insang weaving at the Kadriah Pontianak palace. As a symbol of the identity of nobility or social status in a group. Both in terms of its use, manufacture, and development in terms of styles, which are increasingly diverse and continue to be preserved by the Malay community of Pontianak City. It was concluded that the development and preservation of gill pattern weaving had experienced better innovation and creation while maintaining a distinctive value and appearance so that it continues to exist due to its production hands, and its use is not limited to specific groups only.