Phospholipids in Emulsion and Dispersion Systems

Abstract

Some interfacial chemical and physicochemical properties of various phospholipids which are used as a model biomembrane, as a emulsifier for intravenous fat emulsion and lipid emulsion , and as a main ingredient of liposomes (lipid vesicles) were reviewed. The hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) number of various phospholipids was calculated according to quantity of inorganic characters. The relation between the dynamic molecular shape and the HLB of phospholipid for stability of an emulsion was demonstrated. 1 ‚Í ‚ ¶ ‚ß ‚É ƒŠƒ"Ž‰ Ž¿‚Í ‚Ù‚AE ‚ñ ‚Ç‚· ‚×‚Ä‚Ì "®•A•¨ ‚É‚¨‚¯‚É‚¨‚¯ ‚é•×-E-OE •\ •¬•¬•ª ‚Å‚ ‚è,•×-E-OE"à ‚ ‚é ‚¢ ‚Í •×-E-OE •ã ‚Ń^ƒ"ƒp ƒN Ž¿ ‚ð ‚Í ‚ ¶‚ß ‚AE ‚· ‚é'¼‚Ì •\ •¬•¬•ª ‚AE •¡ ŽG‚É'Š OEÝ •ì-p ‚µ‚È‚ª ‚ç ‚» ‚ê ‚¼‚ê ‚Ì ‹@ "\-ðŠ" ‚ð‰‰ ‚ ¶‚Ä‚¢ ‚é•B• ¶ 'Ì-OE ‚É‚¨‚¯‚É‚¨‚¯ ‚é ƒŠƒ" Ž‰ Ž¿‚Ì ' ¶ •Ý-lŽ®‚Í1972"N ‚É "-•\ ‚³ ‚ê ‚½Singer‚AE Nicolson‚Ì-¬ "®ƒ‚ ƒUƒCƒN ƒ‚ ƒf ƒ‹‚ª Šî-{"I ‚É'è •à ‚AE‚È ‚Á ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é1)•B‚± ‚¤ ‚µ‚½• ¶ 'Ì-OE' † ‚ÉOE© ‚¢ ‚¾‚³ ‚ê ‚é ƒŠƒ"Ž‰ Ž¿‚Íˆê Ž¿‚͈ê "Ê‚É ƒOƒŠƒZƒ• ƒŠƒ"Ž‰ Ž¿‚AEƒXƒt ƒBƒ"ƒSƒŠƒ"Ž‰ Ž¿‚É'å ‚« ‚-•ª-Þ ‚³ ‚ê,‚± ‚ê ‚ç‚Í ‚¢‚¸‚ê‚¢‚¸‚ê ‚à‚»‚Ì •ª Žq"à ‚É•e •… •« Šî ‚AE 'a •… •« Šî ‚ð-L ‚µ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é ‚½‚ß,ŠE-ÊŠˆ•ÊŠˆ•« •ì-p ‚ðŽ• ‚•B ‚µ‚½ ‚ª ‚Á‚Ä,'Ê •í ‚Ì ŠE-ÊŠˆ•ÊŠˆ•« •Ü"¯-lƒŠƒ"Ž‰ Ž¿‚Í ‚» ‚ê ‚¼‚ê ‚Ì Ží-Þ ‚É‚ae ‚è,"û ‰»•E•ª ŽU•E‰Â-n ‰» •ì-p ‚ð-L ‚µ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é•B ‚Ü ‚½,ƒŠ ƒ"Ž‰ Ž¿‚Ì Ž• ‚Â-¼ •e "}•« ‚Í •…-n •«-n "}‰º ‚Å•ª Žq"à ‚ ‚é‚¢ ‚Í •ª ŽqŠÔ 'Š OEÝ •ì-p,'a •… OE‹• ‡,•… 'f OE‹• ‡ ‚È‚Ç‚Ì ‰» Šw "I ‚ ‚é‚¢ ‚Í •¨-• ‰» Šw"I "Á•« ‚ðŽ¦ ‚µ,ˆÀ 'è ‚È•ª Žq•W• ‡ 'Ì ‚ð OE`•¬‚· ‚é ‚± ‚AE ‚ª ‚Å‚« ‚é•B•Å‹ß ‚Å‚Í,ƒŠ ƒ"Ž‰ Ž¿‚Ì ‚± ‚¤ ‚µ‚½ •« Ž¿‚ð-˜-p ‚µ‚½"÷-± Žq•ª ŽU OEn •» •Ü‚Ì '² •» ‚ÉŠÖ‚· ‚é OE¤ ‹ † ‚ª '•-Ú‚³ ‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é•B ‚» ‚±‚Å,-{ •à ‚Å‚Í "Á‚É,ƒŠ ƒ"Ž‰ Ž¿‚Ì "û ‰» •ª ŽU •ì-p ‚ɂ‚¢ ‚ĉð •à ‚µ‚Ä‚¢ ‚-‚± ‚AE‚É ‚µ‚½‚¢ •B 2 ƒŠƒ"Ž‰ Ž¿‚Ì "û ‰» •ª ŽU"\-Í‚AEHLB ˆê "Ê‚É ,"ñ ƒCƒI ƒ"•« ŠE-ÊŠˆ•ÊŠˆ•« •Ü‚Í ‚» ‚Ì ‰» Šw •\ '¢ Ž® ‚©‚ç HLB (Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance)'l ‚ð ‹• ‚ß ‚é ‚± ‚AE ‚É‚ae ‚è,‚» ‚Ì "û‰» •ª ŽU "\-Í ‚𠂨‚¨‚Ü‚©‚É‚¨‚¨‚¨‚¨‚Ü‚©‚É'm‚é ‚± ‚AE ‚ª ‰Â "\ ‚Å‚ ‚é(Table-1)•B1949"N ‚ÉGriffin‚Í •‰‚ß ‚Ä"ñ ƒC ƒI ƒ"•« ŠE-ÊŠˆ•ÊŠˆ•« •Ü‚ÉHLB'l ‚ð "±"ü ‚µ‚Ä"û‰» •Ü'I 'ð ‚Ì Šî •€ ‚ðŽ¦ ‚µ‚½2)•B ‚» ‚Ì OEã,Davies‚AERideal‚Í ƒGƒ}ƒ‹ ƒVƒ ‡ ƒ"‚Ì "j ‰ó '¬ "x‚Ì OE¤ ‹ † ‚©‚ç, HLB=7+ ƒ° (•e •… Šî ‚Ì Šî •") + ƒ° (•e-ûŠî ‚Ì Šî •") (1) ‚È ‚鎮‚ÅHLB'l ‚ª ‹• ‚ß ‚ç‚ê ‚é ‚± ‚AE ‚ð •ñ •• ‚µ ‚½3)•B ‚È ‚¨,Žå ‚È•e •…Šî,•e-û Šî ‹y ‚Ñ-U "± 'Ì Šî ‚Ì Šî •" ‚ð Table -2‚É Ž¦ ‚·3)•`5)•B ˆÈ•ã ‚Ì ‚ae‚¤ ‚É,"ñ ƒCƒI ƒ"•« ‚Ì ŠE-ÊŠˆ•ÊŠˆ•« •Ü‚Å‚Í,OEv ŽZ‚É ‚ae‚éHLB'l ‚AE OEo OE± "I ‚É'è ‚ß ‚ç‚ê‚Ä‚¢ ‚éHLB'l(•Š-v HLB‚AE OEÄ ‚Ô)‚AE ‚ª ‚Ù‚Úˆê 'v ‚· ‚é ‚± ‚AE‚àŠm ‚©‚ß ‚ç‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚邪,ƒŠ ƒ"Ž‰ Ž¿‚É‚¨‚¢Ž¿‚É‚¨‚¢ ‚Ä‚Í ‚± ‚¤ ‚µ‚½"û‰» •ª ŽU-Í ‚ð •\ ‚· 'l ‚Í •¡ ‚Ì ‚AE‚± ‚ë-¾‚ç‚©‚É ‚³ ‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚È‚¢•B ‚» ‚±‚Å•MŽÒ‚ç‚Ì Šù •ñ6)‚Ì ƒf •[ ƒ^‚ð ‚à ‚AE ‚ÉŠeŽí ƒŠƒ"Ž‰ Ž¿‚Ì "û‰» "\-Í ‚ð •l Ž@ ‚µ Table•@-1•@ Classification of emulsifiers according to HLB scale. 101