Medicinal Music: Music Therapy in End of Life Care

Abstract

Purpose: This literature review examines the use of music therapy and its effects on the negative symptoms often associated with end of life and palliative care. Data Sources: An electronic database search was used to collect articles for this literature review in the following databases: Academic Search Complete, MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, CINAHL Plus with full text and psychINFO. Evaluated studies were both qualitative and quantitative. Implications for Practice: The universal appeal of music makes it possible for nearly every individual to relate to music and participate in music therapy in meaningful ways. It is important that nurse practitioners and other primary care providers understand and are aware of this treatment modality so they may offer it to their patients, if appropriate. Music therapy can be used on almost any patient of any age, background, or culture. It can be a complement to other therapies or used on its own. Music therapy is versatile and safe making it an excellent tool for all providers to use. Conclusion: Analysis of the studies found that music therapy is effective for meeting the physical, emotional and spiritual needs of patients and families. Music was helpful in reducing physical and emotional symptoms, while supporting spiritual beliefs, inspiring life review, and discovering meaning from the dying process. Qualitative studies showed that music therapy improved quality of life for patients at the end of life.