Characterization and antimicrobial potential of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria isolated from the gut of Blattella germanica

Abstract

The rise of antibiotic-resistant pathogens has intensified the search for novel antimicrobial agents. This study explores the gut microbiota of Blattella germanica , a highly adaptable pest, as an untapped source of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB). We identified six LAB strains with potent antimicrobial activity by producing bacteriocin, particularly X24, which exhibits broad-spectrum inhibition against Gram-positive (G + ) and Gram-negative (G − ) pathogens, including fungi. The bacteriocin demonstrated remarkable stability under high temperatures and varying pH levels, making it a promising candidate for food preservation and biomedical applications. By uncovering the antimicrobial potential of insect-derived LAB, this research expands the diversity of bacteriocin sources and offers a sustainable strategy to combat antimicrobial resistance. Our findings highlight the ecological and biotechnological value of pest-associated microbes, paving the way for innovative alternatives to conventional antibiotics.