Numerical sensitivity analysis of single pulse laser welding with a C-shaped beam

Abstract

Even though Gaussian and top-hat beam profiles are suitable for most laser welding applications, for certain cases other beam distributions can be favored in terms of weld quality or performance. One promising method to generate a tailored beam shape is diffractive optical elements. A numerical model on the temperature field generated by specific beam shapes is therefore under development to iteratively identify desired beam shapes for specific applications. The present study is based on two thin steel sheets that are conduction welded in a lap joint mode by a C-shaped single laser pulse. The main aim is to ensure a specified weld width along the C-weld shape at the overlap interface between the two sheets in a robust manner. The sensitivity of main criteria like the interface weld width and phase changes at the workpiece top and bottom is studied and discussed in a systematic manner by applying a numerical heat transfer model for various parameters and conditions.