The utilization of chromosomal microarray technologies for hematologic neoplasms: An ACLPS critical review

Abstract

Objectives: Chromosome (G-banding) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) serve as the primary methodologies utilized for detecting genetic aberrations in hematologic neoplasms. Chromosomal microarray can detect copy number aberrations (CNAs) with greater resolution when compared to G-banding and FISH, and can also identify copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (CN-LOH). The purpose of our review is to highlight a preselected group of hematologic neoplasms for which chromosomal microarray has the greatest clinical utility. Methods: A case-based approach and review of the literature was performed to identify the advantages and disadvantages of utilizing chromosomal microarray for specific hematologic neoplasms. Results: Chromosomal microarray identified CNAs and CN-LOH of clinical significance, and could be performed on fresh or paraffin-embedded tissue and liquid neoplasms. Microarray studies could not detect balanced rearrangements, low-level clones, or distinguish independent clones. Conclusions: When utilized appropriately, chromosomal microarray can provide clinically significant information that complements traditional cytogenetic testing methodologies.