Approaches to vaccine prophilaxis of respiratory infections in patients with diabetes mellitus in the modern epidemiological situation

Abstract

This review highlights the problems of vaccine prophylaxis of pneumococcal infection and influenza in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (CD1 and CD2). The features of pneumococcal infection and influenza in conditions of unsatisfactory compensation of the disease are described. The necessity of protection against pneumococcal infection and influenza in the modern epidemiological situation is justified. Results of efficacy and safety of vaccination, including those in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, are established. The existing foreign and domestic regulatory documents on vaccine prevention of actual infections are shown. Despite the available documents on vaccination of patients with diabetes, there are problems with inadequate immunization coverage of patients with CD1 and CD2 due to the lack of precise clinical recommendations for the management of these categories both inpatient and outpatient as these recommendations do not cover the questions of vaccine prophylaxis. In Russian studies only the treatment regimens are evaluated without taking into account the fact that vaccines are related to medicines and that the prevention of respiratory infections is a curative measure and can inhibit the development of complications of diabetes. It is necessary to coordinate the work of general practitioners, pediatricians, therapists and the efforts of endocrinologists to increase the coverage of immunization of patients with various forms of diabetes mellitus.