Association between ACE polymorphism and risk of IgA nephropathy: A meta-analysis

Abstract

Background and objective: The effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism on risk or progression of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is still debated.Therefore, a meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association of ACE gene polymorphism with IgAN in different ethnic groups. Method: A predefined search strategy was performed to collect data from electronic databases. Results: Twenty articles were identified for the analysis of the relationship between ACE polymorphism and IgAN risk, including 11 in Asians and nine in Caucasians. There was a markedly positive association between the D allele or DD genotype and IgAN risk in Asians (OR = 1.27, p = 0.006; OR = 1.83, p < 0.0001). However, a link between D allele or DD genotype and IgAN risk was not found in Caucasians (OR = 1.04, p = 0.46; OR = 1.13, p = 0.12). Ten investigations were included for analysis of the association of ACE polymorphism with IgAN progression, including six in Asians and four in Caucasians. These data did not support a link between the ACE D allele or DD genotype and IgAN progression in Asians and Caucasians (Asians: D: OR = 1.03, p = 0.80; DD: OR = 1.43, p = 0.16; Caucasians: D: OR = 1.29, p = 0.22; DD: OR = 1.31, p = 0.17). Conclusions: The D allele or DD genotype is associated with IgAN risk in Asian, but not in Caucasian populations; there was no significant association between the D allele or DD gene and IgAN progression for Asians and Caucasians. © 2011 The Author(s).