Radon and health

Abstract

Radon (222Rn) is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and chemically unreactive noble gas generated from the natural radioactive decay series of uranium (238U) present in the soil, rocks, and water. It is considered one of the major sources of background radiation of natural origin and responsible for approximately 55% of the natural ionizing radiation dose to humans. Radon, a known carcinogen, may be found indoors, including in homes, workplaces, mines, and caves. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of radon and its progeny via inhalation may result in adverse health effects, including respiratory diseases and lifetime risk of developing cancers. The recommended radon concentration by the World Health Organization and the International Commission for Radiation Protection is 100 and 200 Bq/m3. The following chapter provides comprehensive coverage on chemistry, safety levels, detection methods, prevention and mitigation actions, and health risks of radon.