Abiotic stresses and vegetable production in the era of climate change: A review

Abstract

Global warming has been recognised as a critical hazard to natural ecosystem existence. Changing climate is a continuous, multidimensional process of changes in climatic conditions that affect the abiotic and biotic aspects. This causes changes in climatic circumstances including extreme heat, rainfall amount, and temperatures, which leads to an increase in novel parasites, vegetation, and diseases, while vegetables crops must employ specific methods such as physiological, biochemcial and molecualar process to ensure optimal development during stress situations. The synthesis of hormones (phytohormones) and osmolytes is one of these processes. Plant hormones are natural materials which influence the physiological processes of plants such as growth, development, and cell differentiation. Under normal and stressful situations, plant hormones regulate essential physiological activities. Phytohormones, which come in a variety of forms, serve a significant role in plants, either on their own or in concert with one another. The type and concentration of such substances in plants have a significant impact on plant activities and functions. The current study describes phytohormones' possible involvement in fostering plant growth and development during stressful conditions.