Apnea of prematurity

Abstract

Apnea of prematurity is commonly seen in infants less than 32 weeks gestation and is a disorder of immature respiratory control. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain its etiology. Three distinct types of apnea have been recognized: central, obstructive, and mixed. The vast majority of episodes are mixed apnea. This article reviews the differential diagnosis, pathogenesis, and management of apnea of prematurity. Methylxanthines remain the mainstay in management of apnea of prematurity.