Menyingkap Perdebatan Qadariyah dan Jabariyah: Antara Kehendak Bebas dan Takdir Illahi

Abstract

The debate between Qadariyah and Jabariyah is one of the most significant theological discourses in the history of Islamic thought, particularly concerning the concepts of free will and divine predestination. This article aims to uncover and analyze in depth the fundamental differences between these two schools of thought. Qadariyah emphasizes that humans have complete freedom to determine their own fate and are responsible for every action they take. In contrast, Jabariyah argues that everything has been predestined by Allah, and humans do not have the freedom to change their destiny. Through a historical approach and critical analysis of the primary texts representing each viewpoint, this article explores how these differences affect theological and ethical views in Islam. It also discusses the philosophical and practical implications of both perspectives, as well as their influence on the development of contemporary Islamic thought. Thus, this article seeks to provide deeper insight into the complexity and significance of the Qadariyah and Jabariyah debate within the context of Islamic theology.