A Review on Biological Building Blocks and its Applications in Nanotechnology

Abstract

Biological building blocks are the basis of living organisms and its potentials are gaining more attention over a wide range of applications. major biological building blocks that exist in the universe have been taken into consideration in this paper, which are proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids. Due to their small size, they are such molecules which can be considered by the Nano level structures therefore have been incorporated in various applications of nanotechnology and microbiology. Taking into consideration the structural and chemical properties of these biological building blocks, further application on each individual biological building block has been covered in multiple fields, but mainly in the medical and pharmaceutical industry. The applications also concern optical imaging, precision measurement of biomolecules, Nano biomaterial synthesis and biosensors. Despite the various advantages of these applications like improved efficiency of various processes, the shared limitations of these applications stand to be difficult technique for synthesis and development due to Nano size dimension consideration. Thus, the future scope of use of biological building blocks in nanotechnology is very ambitious and promising.