Promotion by Gibberellic Acid of Polyamine Biosynthesis in Internodes of Light-Grown Dwarf Peas

Abstract

When gibberellic acid (GA(3); 5-35 micrograms per milliliter) is sprayed on 9-day-old light-grown dwarf Progress pea (Pisum sativum) seedlings, it causes a marked increase in the activity of arginine decarboxylase (ADC; EC 4.1.1.9) in the fourth internodes. The titer of putrescine and spermidine, polyamines produced indirectly as a result of ADC action, also rises markedly, paralleling the effect of GA(3) on internode growth. Ammonium (5-hydroxycarvacryl) trimethyl chloride piperidine carboxylate (AMO-1618; 100-200 micrograms per milliliter) causes changes in the reverse direction for enzyme activity, polyamine content, and growth. GA(3) also reverses the red-light-induced inhibition of ADC activity in etiolated Alaska pea epicotyls; this is additional evidence for gibberellin-light interaction in the control of polyamine biosynthesis. The enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC; EC 4.1.1.17), an alternate source of putrescine arising from arginine, is not increased by GA(3) or by AMO-1618.The results support the hypothesis that ADC and polyamine content are important regulators of plant growth.