Changes in body weight and leptin: intervention of gambir extract in obese model rats

Abstract

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Peningkatan prevalensi obesitas menjadi masalah kesehatan yang serius sehingga diperlukan terapi alternatif. Gambir mengandung katekin yang memiliki sifat antiobesitas yang dapat digunakan sebagai terapi alternatif. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh intervensi ekstrak gambir terhadap berat badan dan leptin pada tikus model obesitas. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian labolatorik dengan rancangan pre-post test. Subjek penelitian yaitu tikus wistar jantan dengan jumlah 36 ekor. Tikus dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok yaitu KN (tikus sehat), K- (tikus obesitas), KP (tikus obesitas diberi Orlistat 10,8 mg/200gBB/hari), P1 (tikus obesitas diberi ekstrak gambir 20 mg/200gBB/hari), P2 (tikus obesitas diberi ekstrak gambir 40 mg/200gBB/hari), dan P3 (tikus obesitas diberi ekstrak gambir 80 mg/200gBB/hari). Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan software SPSS versi 23.0. Uji beda kelompok dilakukan dengan One-way ANOVA jika data berdistribusi normal dan Kruskall Wallis jika data tidak berdistribusi normal. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna rerata berat badan (p=0,000) dan kadar leptin (p=0,001) antar kelompok tikus. Kelompok P3 memiliki rerata berat badan dan kadar leptin yang paling rendah, bahkan melampaui kelompok K+ dan mendekati kelompok KN. Kesimpulan: Intervensi ekstrak gambir dosis 80mg/200gBB/hari pada tikus obesitas dapat menurunkan perolehan berat badan dan menurunkan kadar leptin. KATA KUNCI : berat badan; gambir; katekin; leptin; obesitas ABSTRACT Background: The increasing prevalence of obesity is a serious health problem that requires alternative therapy. Gambir contains catechins with anti-obesity properties that can be used as an alternative therapy. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the effect of gambier extract intervention on body weight and leptin in obese rat models. Methods: This research was laboratory research with a pre-post-test design. The research subjects were male Wistar rats with a total of 36 rats. Rats were divided into 6 groups, namely KN (healthy rats), K- (obese rats), KP (obese rats given Orlistat 10.8 mg/200gBB/day), P1 (obese rats given gambir extract 20 mg/200gBW/day), P2 (obese rats given gambir extract 40 mg/200gBW/day), and P3 (obese rats given gambir extract 80 mg/200gBW/day). Research data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23.0. The different group tests were carried out using One-way ANOVA if the data were normally distributed and Kruskall Wallis if the data were not normally distributed. Results: The results showed a significant difference in mean body weight (p=0.000) and leptin levels (p=0.001) between groups of rats. The P3 group had the lowest average body weight and leptin levels, surpassing the K+ group and approaching the KN group. Conclusions: Gambir extract intervention at 80mg/200gBW/day in obese rats can decrease weight gain and reduce leptin levels. KEYWORDS : body weight; catechin ; gambir; leptin; obesity