Levels of Depression in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Literature Review

Abstract

A B S T R A C T Due to the increase in morbidity each year, diabetes mellitus, one of the chronic non-communicable illnesses, continues to be a global health issue. Those with diabetes mellitus who change their lifestyle may have emotional disturbances including depressive symptoms. The purpose of this study is to discover risk factors for depression in people with type 2 diabetes. Using Google Scholar, Garuda, and PubMed with limits between 2018 and 2023, relevant publications are found by doing a literature review of published articles. The Beck Depression Inventory, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale were employed in the eight research that were examined to assess the severity of depression. Women with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are older than 50, have only completed secondary school, and have poor incomes are more likely to experience depressive symptoms. Family assistance is, therefore, necessary to help with psychosocial management to help individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus avoid depressed symptoms