A Clinical Resonance Frequency Analysis of Implants Placed at Dehiscence-Type Defects with Simultaneous Guided Bone Regeneration During Early Healing

Abstract

©2019 by Quintessence Publishing Co Inc. Purpose: To investigate the implant stability quotient (ISQ) values of implants placed in bone with and without dehiscence bone defects over 12 weeks and to compare the ISQ values between the two groups. Materials and Methods: Twenty-two patients with an edentulous area at the posterior mandible were enrolled. Thirty OsseoSpeed EV Astra Tech implants (Dentsply Sirona), 4.2 mm in diameter, were placed. Twenty implants were placed without bone regeneration (no dehiscence group), while 10 presented with favorable bone defects and received simultaneous guided bone regeneration with dental implant placement (dehiscence group). At the time of implant placement, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, resonance frequency analysis was utilized. The changes in ISQ values within group were analyzed with repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the mean ISQ values between the no dehiscence and dehiscence groups were compared using unpaired t tests. Results: All implants were successfully integrated without complication. The no dehiscence group demonstrated mean ISQ values of 74.30 ± 6.01, 69.58 ± 5.30, 71.10 ± 5.80, 75.08 ± 3.93, and 77.85 ± 3.18 at baseline, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, respectively. The dehiscence group demonstrated mean ISQ values of 69.85 ± 7.00, 63.40 ± 8.47, 59.90 ± 10.23, 72.55 ± 3.10, and 76.20 ± 2.68 at baseline, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, respectively. The dehiscence group showed significantly lower mean ISQ values at 2 weeks (P = .021) and at 4 weeks (P = .007) after implant placement compared with those of the no dehiscence group. Conclusion: Within the 12-week healing period, all implants demonstrated successful osseointegration and achieved stability in favorable bone defects. Nevertheless, clinicians should consider that significantly lower implant stability can occur in the first month.