The Effect of Perfectionism, Social Comparison and Gratitude on Body Dissatisfaction Among Female Students

Abstract

Behavior of body dissatisfaction has been interesting study in various studies since long time, especially in the field of psychology. Therefore, the researcher was interested in doing research, especially on female students. This study aims to see whether there is influence of perfectionism, social comparison, and gratitude on body dissatisfaction behavior in early adult women focusing on female students in Palembang, how someone compares and evaluates themselves physically and how positive they think about their bodies. This research uses quantitative approach with CFA (Confirmatory Factor Analysis) technique to test the measuring instrument and multiple regression analysis to test the hypothesis. The study participants amount until 200 female students aged between 19-25. Participants were determined using non-probability: snowball sampling technique. The researcher used Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scale (MBSRQ-AS) from Cash et al (2002) to measure the behavior of body dissatisfaction. Furthermore, for the aspect of perfectionism, researcher used Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) from Frost, et al. (1990), for the social comparison aspect, the researcher used measuring tool The Upward and Downward Appearance Comparison Scale (UDACS) designed by O'Brien et al. (2009). And for gratitude, the researcher used The Gratitude Questionnaire-Six Item from (GQ-6) from McCullough, et al., (2002). The results showed that perfectionism, social comparison, and gratitude significantly influence the student body dissatisfaction behavior with 22,3% contribution.