FITOREMEDIASI AIR LIMBAH LABORATORIUM ANALITIK UNIVERSITAS JEMBER DENGAN PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN ECENG GONDOK DAN LEMBANG

Abstract

Phytoremediation of Analytical Laboratory of Jember University Waste Water by The Use of Water Hyacinth and Cattail PlantsAnalytical laboratory waste water at Jember University has organic and inorganic materials which can be categorized as biodegradable or non-biodegradable wastes. This study focused on comparing the ability between water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and cattail (Typha angustifolia) plant in reducing the pollutants as a consideration in selecting plants for waste water treatment at Jember University. The stages in this research consisted of filtration using silica sand, adsorption using activated carbon and zeolites, and phytoremediation using water hyacinth and cattail plants. The phytoremediation treatment was carried out during 14 days with a density of 40 g L–1. Cattail plant treatment had a higher value of pollutant reduction efficiency in waste water compared to water hyacinth. The reduction efficiency parameters. namely turbidity, TSS, BOD, COD, and Cr, were 92.18, 84, 74, 64, and 49%, respectively. The results of this study provide an alternative treatment for laboratory waste water which has an environmentally friendly character at Jember University.Keywords: Chromium (Cr), Eichhornia crassipes, filtration and adsorption, Typha angustifolia, water qualityABSTRAKAir limbah laboratorium analitik di Universitas Jember mengandung bahan organik dan anorganik yang bersifat mudah diuraikan maupun toksik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan kemampuan reduksi polutan oleh eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) dan lembang (Typha angustifolia) sebagai pertimbangan pemilihan tanaman untuk menangani air limbah laboratorium di lingkungan Universitas Jember. Tahapan penelitian terdiri atas filtrasi menggunakan pasir silika, adsorpsi menggunakan karbon aktif dan zeolit, serta fitoremediasi menggunakan eceng gondok dan lembang. Waktu tanaman eceng gondok dan lembang diinkubasi menggunakan teknik fitoremediasi selama 14 hari dengan densitas 40 g L–1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penanganan air limbah menggunakan lembang memiliki nilai efisiensi reduksi polutan pada air limbah lebih tinggi daripada eceng gondok. Nilai efisiensi reduksi tersebut berupa parameter kekeruhan, TSS, BOD, COD, dan Cr secara berurutan sebesar 92,18, 84, 74, 64, dan 49%. Hasil penelitian ini menjadi alternatif penanganan air limbah laboratorium yang ramah lingkungan.