Epidemiological analysis of hip fractures at a tertiary care center: a retrospective study

Abstract

Background: Hip fractures are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population posing significant burden on health care resources. The purpose of this study is to determine the epidemiological analysis of hip fractures at a tertiary care center. Methods: This was a retrospective study done on patients with hip fractures admitted during the period 2015-2017 in Moradabad district of Uttar Pradesh. Case files and radiographs of patients were reviewed for age, gender, nature of trauma, associated comorbidities, type of fracture and presence of osteoporosis. Results: During the 2015-2017 period, 2214 patients with hip fractures were admitted, out of which 1180 were males and rest females. The mean age of patients was 56.8 years with 41.6% belonging to age group 60-75 years. In elderly patients, a low energy simple fall accounted for >85% of fractures with presence of significant osteoporosis (Singh’s index grade 3). The in hospital mortality was 2.1%. Hip fracture characteristics included intertrochanteric 57.81%, femoral neck 30.26% and sub trochanteric 11.93%. Smoking and medical comorbidities were present in a significant number of patients. Conclusions: With increased longevity, hip fractures are an increasing health care problem. Various preventive measures for osteoporosis and falls will decline the prevalence of these fractures.