Synthesis and Characterization of Bacterial Nanocellulose from Banana Peel for Water Filtration Membrane Application

Abstract

This research reports the result obtained from the synthesis and characterization of Bacterial Nano Cellulose (BNC) from Nangka banana peel (Musa sp L.) media for water filtration membrane application. The BNC synthesis is successfully achieved under the condition of banana peel and water ratio of 1:3, bacterial nutrition : Glucose 10% (w/v), Ammonium Sulphate (NH4)2SO4 1% (w/v), pH: 4, and amount of starter: 15% (w/v). The duration of fermentation is 7 days. The water content obtained in BNC banana peel is 86,59%. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis shows the resulting nanocellulose is nanofibril 30-50 nm in diameter. The X ray diffraction (XRD) shows the banana peel BNC crystallinity index (Ic) is 86,94% and cellulose Type I. The Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectra confirms the bond and functional group of nanocellulose. These results support the required properties for strong but flexible membrane filter. The potential zeta absolute value -11.39 mV from the Electrophoretic Light Scattering (ELS) shows that BNC colloidal solution has good stability that it can be further used for the manufacture of water filter catalytic membrane composites.