Correlation between Coronary Calcium Score and Lipid Profile

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a prevalent symptom of cardiovascular disease, which is a major worldwide health problem. Dyslipidemia, characterized by aberrant lipid levels, significantly contributes to CAD development and progression. Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether a correlation exists between dyslipidemia, as assessed by lipid profile parameters, and CAC in individuals presenting with chest pain and a low to intermediate PTP for CAD, utilizing multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) imaging. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study on 100 patients at CT scan Units in El-Mokattam Health Insurance Hospital and Benha University Hospitals. The patients underwent a comprehensive diagnostic work-up including full medical history, clinical examination, blood tests, ECG, and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in addition to MDCT for coronary artery calcification (CCS) measurement. Results: Ca 2+ score had a mean value of 466.6 ± 147.9. 38 (38%) patients had Ca 2+ score % < 400 and 62 (62%) patients had Ca 2+ score % > 400. A significant positive correlation was found between Ca 2+ score and age, cholesterol, LDL, and TG (r=0.647, 0.772, 0.717, r=0.651, respectively with P<0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between Ca 2+ score and HDL (r=-0.826, P<0.001). Conclusions: There was a significant association between calcium score and age, lipid profile, as well as HTN, smoking, DM, and ischemic heart disease family history. Furthermore, it was found that patients with a Ca 2+ score > 400 had a higher incidence of hyperlipidemia and were generally older than those with a lower calcium score.