Introduction toward a critical theory of the internet

Abstract

Technologies normally stabilize after an initial period during which many differing configurations compete. Once stabilized, their social and political implications finally become clear. But despite decades of development, the Internet remains in flux as innovative usages continue to appear. The nature of the network is still in question. It is not a fully developed technology like the refrigerator or the ball point pen. Yet this has not prevented a huge outpouring of literature hyping the Internet or criticizing its impact. Some point to the empowering effects of online activity on recent electoral campaigns in the US and revolts in the Arab world to argue that the Internet is a democratizing force.