Polymorphic sequences encoding the first open reading frame protein from LINE-1 ribonucleoprotein particles

Abstract

The mouse LINE-1 (L1) retrotransposon contains two open reading frames (ORFs). Three classes of the protein encoded by the first open reading frame (ORF1) are expressed in the mouse embryonal carcinoma cell line, F9; the apparent molecular sizes of these proteins are 41.3, 43, and 43.5 kDa. Two of these three proteins (41.3 and 43 kDa) are translated in vitro from full- length, sense-strand L1 RNA isolated from ribonucleoprotein particles. A reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction approach was used to clone the ORF1 region from RNA isolated from ribonucleoprotein particles, then the coding capacity of these clones was examined using in vitro transcription and translation. Multiple sequences that encode ORF1 were recovered by this approach, indicating that multiple loci of L1 in the mouse genome are expressed in F9 cells. In addition, L1 sequences with intact ORF1 regions appear to be selectively enriched in the ribonucleoprotein particles.