Anatomical and Radiologic Evaluation of the Dimensions of Upper Molar Alveoli

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to analyze the alveolar bone morphology of the upper first and second molars. This analysis aims to evaluate the morphology of a hypothetical postextractive site in the upper molar area to diagnose the possibility of immediate postextraction implant placement. Materials and Methods: Cone-beam CT scans of 100 patients were examined. The measurements were made using a dedicated 3D software. Reference points were identified to allow clear and repeatable measurements. Results: The mean available height was 7.43 6 3.40 mm for the upper first molars and 7.07 6 3.09 mm for the upper second molars. The interradicular septum was present in first molars in 74% of cases and 44% of cases in upper second molars. Conclusions: In most cases, the alveolar sites of the upper first and second molars do not present ideal conditions for immediate implant insertion in a correct position. The primary stabilization of a standard-sized dental implant is often difficult because of the minimum apical bone available. In particular, the interradicular septum, which often represents the ideal fixture position, is rarely adequately represented. Preoperative cone-beam scan and the knowledge of anatomical measurements from the present analysis are fundamental before planning immediate postextractive implants in the upper molar area.