Management of tracheal trauma

Abstract

Traumatic airway injuries fortunately are rare. Though injuries can be obvious and initial management straightforward, the diagnosis can be difficult. Prompt diagnosis of airway injuries requires a high index of clinical suspicion, complemented by judicious use of endoscopy and radiologic imaging. Initial management can be complicated by associated head, neck, and thoracic injuries. Importantly, a patient’s airway can be lost because of injudicious use of sedation or failure to be properly cautious during attempts at airway management and endotracheal intubation. Mortality rates and the incidence of late complications remain high and have been related to delays in diagnosis and definitive treatment.