Potensi Agen Hayati dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Phytium sp. secara In Vitro

Abstract

The Potential of Biological Agents to Inhibit Growth of Phytium sp. In Vitro. The study aimed at testing the potential of some antagonistic fungi isolated from durian seedlings media to inhibit growth of Phytium sp. Research was done at the Central Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Research Solok in July-September 2009 by using a complete randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Tests was conducted by dual culture method on PDA. The results showed that Gliocladium sp., Trichoderma sp.a, Trichoderma sp.b, Aspergilus sp., and Penicillium sp. can inhibit growth of Phytium sp., with growth inhibition of 50, 49.5, 47, 48, and 38.3% respectively. Inhibition mecanism of Gliocladium sp., and Trichoderma sp. were competition, antibiosis, lisis, and parasitism, while Penicillium sp. was antibiosis. Gliocladium sp., Trichoderma sp.a, Trichoderma sp.b, Aspergilus sp., and Penicillium sp. can be used as biological agents to control pathogenic fungi Phytium sp. Abstrak Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji potensi beberapa cendawan antagonis hasil isolasi dari media pembibitan durian dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Phytium sp. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika Solok pada bulan Juli-September 2010. Penelitian disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Pengujian daya antagonis cendawan dilakukan dengan metode dual culture yang diinokulasikan pada media PDA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Gliocladium sp., Trichoderma sp.a, Trichoderma sp.b., Aspergilus sp., dan Penicillium sp. dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Phytium sp. secara in vitro, dengan daya hambat masing-masing 50; 49,5; 47; 48; dan 38,3% secara berurutan. Mekanisme antagonis Gliocladium sp. dan Trichoderma sp. adalah kompetisi, antibiosis, lisis, dan parasitisme, sedangkan Penicillium sp. hanya bersifat antibiosis. Gliocladium sp., Trichoderma sp., Aspergilus sp., dan Penicillium sp. dapat digunakan sebagai agen hayati untuk mengendalikan cendawan patogen Phytium sp.