A highly sensitive chloramphenicol detection sensor based on a carbon-graphite nanocomposite modified with silver nanoparticles application: human serum and urine

Abstract

A highly sensitive Ag NPs@CPE sensor based on a carbon–graphite nanocomposite modified with silver nanoparticles was developed for the electrochemical determination of a drug, the antibiotic chloramphenicol. Electrochemical tests showed that the Ag NPs@CPE electrode had a higher electrochemical activity and a larger effective surface area than the bare electrode. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of carbon-supported silver particles with a narrow size distribution, providing evidence for the effect of particle size on the electrocatalytic detection efficiency of chloramphenicol. Under optimal conditions, the modified Ag NPs@CPE electrode exhibited an excellent response at the linear detection range was 1.0 × 10–3–1.0 × 10–7 mol/dm3 and a detection limit of 6.19 × 10–8 mol/dm3. The RSD values are 2.66% for repeatability and 3.02% for reproducibility. The proposed sensor provides remarkable selectivity and satisfactory recovery for real chloramphenicol-contaminated human urine and serum samples. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].