The influence of age, working hours, and incentives on the work productivity of online motorcycle taxi drivers in Jakarta

Abstract

The phenomenon occurring in Indonesia is the high level of the workforce, yet it is dominated by education levels below junior high school. This indicates that the majority of workers in Indonesia have low productivity. Based on the above phenomenon, various issues arise, such as a decline in job opportunities, limited investment, inconsistent and fluctuating government policies, and the continuing rise in poverty levels. Currently, online motorcycle taxi drivers are one of the alternative jobs in Indonesia that provide the greatest job opportunities. On January 1st, 2016 Has been acknowledged by the United Nations and set the goal 8 of the 17 goals 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) The SDG 8 is to "promote decent work and economic growth". In a person's life, having decent working conditions is important because they affect physical and psychological well-being, income, and social status. Meanwhile, economic growth refers to the increase in the production of goods and services measured over a specific period within the economy's capacity. This research aims to determine the influence of age, working hours and incentives on the work productivity of online motorcycle taxi drivers in DKI Jakarta. Uses a quantitative approach with data collection techniques through distributing questionnaires to 100 samples and analysis was carried out using the SmartPLS tool with the method used by SEM. The results found that age has an effect on productivity. Working hours have no effect on work productivity. Incentives influence work productivity. Simultaneously, age, working hours and incentives influence work productivity. As a worker approaches their productive age, work productivity tends to increase. However, as workers approach old age, work productivity declines due to physical factors and health issues that also deteriorate. An increase in working hours can reduce work productivity because workers experience fatigue after working for several hours. Providing incentives to workers will increase work productivity as it motivates them. Incentives are linked to performance, with rewards provided through financial incentives such as bonuses or commission schemes, or through non-financial incentives such as recognition programs or skill development opportunities.