CAR T‑cell immunotherapy: A safe and potent living drug technique for cancer treatment (Review)

Abstract

For several decades, surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy have been the fundamental components of cancer treatment. Although these represent key therapeutic strategies, novel forms of medical treatment recently triggered an improvement in the methods with which cancer sufferers are being treated, namely with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‑cells. CAR T‑cell immunotherapy is all set for serving the new prospect in cancer treatment. It utilizes the underlying immune potential to enhance the T‑cell antigen recognition property and minimize the cytotoxicity level by engineering. CAR T‑cell immunotherapy exerts minimal side‑effects compared to the other available methods, such as hematological and solid cancer treatment. The Food and Drug Administration approved these ‘biologically active living drugs’ and highlighted the impact of this immunotherapy. Therefore, scientists are working to produce highly efficient CAR T‑cells with minimal side‑effects. The present review discusses the role of various generations, including the next generation of the CAR T‑cells, their significance and the effects on cancer patients.