Landscape, circulation system design and biodiversity reestablishment in eco-agriculture

Abstract

Key measures of eco-agricultural practices include landscape design at the landscape level, circulation system design at the ecosystem level and biological relationship design at the community or sub-community level. Landscape design includes biological conservation, resource utilization framework, ecological safety, and aesthetic landscape designs. Circulation system design includes field circulation, crop and animal circulation, agriculture and processing industry circulation, village and field circulation, urban and rural circulation and bio-geochemical circulation systems. In order to remodel the simplified and separated processes of biological relationships in modern agriculture, biological relationship design is proposed. In crop production, for example, it can improve nutrient supply, pest control and resource utilization efficiency by optimizing relationships such as crop-insect, crop-microorganism, crop-animal, crop-shrub, crop-grass, crop-tree and crop-other crops. The eco-agriculture of China, which is supported by these three measures, is different from the development path of western industrialized countries. China can well pass on this elegant tradition of traditional Chinese agriculture and promote the application of modern science and technology, such as modern information technology, biotechnology, material science and advance mechanical manufacture, in agriculture. It can also promote the establishment of modern agricultural enterprises, legislation processes and the set-up of modern management system. These key measures of eco-agricultural practices can provide scientific basis for the evaluation of eco-agricultural practices.