Stromal cell-derived factor-1 is essential for photoreceptor cell protection in retinal detachment

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Abstract

Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) causes chemotaxis of CXCR4-expressing bone marrow-derived cells. SDF-1 is involved in the pathogenesis of various vascular diseases, including those of the eye. However, the role of SDF-1 in neuronal diseases is not completely understood. Here, we show higher SDF-1 levels in the vitreous humor of patients with retinal detachment (RD) compared with normal patients. SDF-1 correlated positively with the duration as well as the extent of RD. Furthermore, SDF-1 correlated significantly with levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8, but not with vascular endothelial growth factor. Western blot analysis results showed significant SDF-1 up-regulation in detached rat retinas compared with normal animals. Immunohistochemistry data showed that SDF-1 was co-localized with the glial cells of the detached retina. SDF-1 blockade with a neutralizing antibody increased photoreceptor cell loss and macrophage accumulation in the subretinal space. The retinal precursor cell line R28 expressed CXCR4. SDF-1 rescued serum starvation-induced apoptosis in R28 cells and enhanced their ability to participate in wound closure in a scratch assay. Our results indicate a surprising, protective role for SDF-1 in RD. This effect may be mediated directly or indirectly through other cell types. Copyright © American Society for Investigative Pathology.

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Otsuka, H., Arimura, N., Sonoda, S., Nakamura, M., Hashiguchi, T., Maruyama, I., … Sakamoto, T. (2010). Stromal cell-derived factor-1 is essential for photoreceptor cell protection in retinal detachment. American Journal of Pathology, 177(5), 2268–2277. https://doi.org/10.2353/ajpath.2010.100134

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