Hubungan Kapasitas Cadangan Kognitif dan Kualitas Hidup Lansia

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the relationship between cognitive reserve capacity and quality of life in the elderly. Cognitive reserve capacity is the brain's ability to optimize its function and prevent damage that can affect cognition. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 109 elderly people in Krendang Village, West Jakarta, in February 2024. Inclusion criteria included elderly people aged 60-79 years who were able to read, write, and communicate in Indonesian, were in good health or medically controlled condition, and had good hearing and vision. The variables studied were cognitive reserve capacity and quality of life, as assessed by the WHOQoL-BREF instrument. Data analysis was performed using an unpaired t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and linear regression. The results showed that the quality of life of the elderly was more optimal in the physical and environmental domains, while the psychological and social relationship domains were suboptimal. There was a significant correlation between cognitive reserve capacity and quality of life (p<0.05), with moderate correlations in the physical domain (rp=0.42) and social relationships (rp=0.42), and weak correlations in the psychological domain (rp=0.26) and environment (rp=0.26). Sociodemographic factors significantly related to quality of life included gender, education, residence with family, and financial resources. Conclusion: Cognitive reserve capacity is related to quality of life in the elderly, especially in the physical domain and social relationships.