Serum sTWEAK concentrations and risk of developing type 2 diabetes in a high cardiovascular risk population: A nested case-control study

Abstract

Context and Objective: Because serum concentrations of soluble forms of TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) and scavenger receptor CD163 (sCD163) have been associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), we tested the associations of sTWEAK and sCD163 with the future development of T2D in elderly subjects at high cardiovascular risk. Design, Setting, and Participants: A prospective, matched case-control study of 153 cases of newly diagnosed diabetic subjects and 306 individually matched controls who did not develop diabetes during a mean 5-year follow-up was conducted using data from the PREDIMED study. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the matched odds ratio (OR) for incident T2D according to categories of baseline sTWEAK and sCD163 concentrations measured by ELISA. Results: Baseline sTWEAK concentrations were lower in cases than controls. There were no case control differences in sCD163 concentrations. In the conditional logistic model that took into account the matching factors, the ORs for T2D incidence in the highest vs the lowest quartile of sTWEAK and the sCD163/sTWEAK ratio were 0.49 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.31-0.76; P for trend