Effects of Various Nitrogen Sources on the Growth and Biochemical Composition of Chlorella sp.

Abstract

Chlorella sp. is a potential microalgae species to be produced commercially for feed, growth accelerator, and immuno-modulator in fish and shrimp cul-ture. This study aimed to evaluate the various nitrogen sources on the growth, biomass production, and biochemical composition of Chlorella sp. FNUB01. The nitrogen sources used in this study were urea (NH2)2 CO, potassium nitrate (KNO3), and ammonium nitrate (NH4 NO3). Sodium nitrate (NaNO3) was used as a control as it is a part of the commercial medium BG-11. Generally, the sources of nitrogen in the media affected the growth and chemical composition of Chlorella sp. FNUB01. This green microalga grew better in the urea-contain-ing medium which accounted for 1.5 times the concentration of that cultured in BG-11 (40 x106 cells. mL-1). Meanwhile, this microalgae species experienced the lowest growth when cultured in NH4 NO3-containing medium. The biomass productivity of Chlorella sp. FNUB01 cultured in urea (0.93 g.L-1) was compa-rable to those grown with NaNO3 as the N source. A similar pattern was recorded for protein, chlorophyll, and carotenoid content as these biochemical contents were affected by N availability in the medium. Urea was an alternative low-cost N source for the culture of Chlorella sp. FNUB01. Replacement of NaNO3 with urea could reduce the cost of the medium by 72.6%.