Photoexcited States and Photochemistry of Fullerenes C60 and C70

Abstract

Photochemical properties of fullerenes such as C60 and C70 have been widely studied on the view points of fundamental scientific and technological interests. Photo-illumination of fullerenes leads to their excited states, which have different character from that of the ground state. For example, an increase in the photoinduced electric conductivity of polymers was found by doping them with C60 and C70. Fullerenes such as C60 and C70 easily show photoinduced charge separation on the addition of appropriate electron donors or acceptors in their excited states. Mechanism of electron transfer varies with the conditions such as reaction media, concentration and donor ability. For the modification of the fullerenes, photochemistry is also useful. When electron donors are bonded with fullerenes, electron transfer takes place efficiently. Chemical modification also develops potential uses of fullerenes as new materials. 1.•@ ‚Í ‚ ¶‚ß ‚É 1985"N‚ÉSmalley‚AEKroto‚ç ‚ª •¯ ŠÔ •¨ Ž¿‚Ì OE¤ ‹ † ‚̈êŠÂ‚AE‚̈êŠÂ‚AE ‚µ‚ăO ƒ‰ ƒt ƒ@ ƒCƒg‚ɃOE •[ ƒU •[ OEõ ‚ð•AE ŽË‚µ,C60‚Ì ƒV ƒO ƒi ƒ‹ ‚ð ƒ}ƒX ƒXƒyƒNƒgƒ‹‚ÅOE© ‚¢ •o ‚µ,‚± ‚Ì •ª Žq‚ª ‹… OE`‚Å‚©‚Â'Y'f ‚Ì OE‹ • ‡-l Ž® ‚ª ƒTƒbƒJ•[ ƒ{•[ ƒ‹‚Ì-Í-l ‚Ì ‚ae‚¤‚É6ˆõ ŠÂ‚AE5ˆõŠÂ ‚Ì 'g ‚Ý• ‡ ‚í ‚¹ ‚©‚ç‚È‚Á‚Ä‚¢ ‚é ‚AENatureŽ• ‚É"-•\ ‚µ‚½1)•B "ú-{ ‚Å‚Í1970"N ‚É'å àV‚ª ƒTƒbƒJ•[ ƒ{•[ ƒ‹•ó 'Y'f •ª ŽqC60‚ªˆÀŽqC60‚ªˆÀ'è ‚É' ¶ •Ý‚µ‚¤‚é ‚±‚AE‚ð-• ˜_ "I ‚É-\ 'z ‚µ‚Ä‚¢ ‚½2)•B1985"N ‚©‚ç •""NŠÔ ‚Í,•ª Žq‹O"¹ ‚Ì OE¤ ‹ † ŽÒ ‚ª,ƒT ƒbƒJ•[ ƒ{•[ ƒ‹•ó •ª Žq‚É ‹»-¡ ‚ðŽ• ‚Á‚Ä‚» ‚Ì "dŽq•ó 'Ô‚ðOE¤ ‹ † ‚µ‚½ˆÈŠO‚É‚Í ‚³ ‚µ‚½‚éƒZ ƒ"ƒZ•[ ƒVƒ ‡ƒ"‚ðŠª ‚«‹N‚± ‚µ‚½‚ae‚¤‚É‚àOE© ‚¦ ‚È‚©‚Á‚½•B‚µ‚© ‚µ,C60‚âC70‚ª ƒO ƒ‰ ƒt ƒ@ ƒCƒg‚Ì ƒA •[ ƒN •ú"d ‚É‚ae‚Á‚Ä'å-Ê ‚É •» '¢ ‚Å‚«‚é ‚ae‚¤‚É‚È‚Á‚Ä‚©‚ç‚Í,‚¢ ‚Á‚¹ ‚¢ ‚É'½‚-‚Ì OE¤ ‹ † ‚ª ŠJŽn‚³ ‚ê ‚½3)•B ‚» ‚Ì ' †‚Å‚à,ƒA ƒ‹ ƒJ ƒŠ‹à'®‚É‚ae‚éC60‚Ì ŠÒ OE³ •¨ ‚Ì '´ "` "±OE» •Û‚ª ƒtƒ‰ •[ ƒOE ƒ"‚Ì OE¤ ‹ † ‚ð‹} OEƒ ‚ÉŠg'å ‚µ‚½‚± ‚AE ‚Í ‚² ' ¶ ‚ ¶‚Ì ‚AE ‚¨‚è‚Å‚‚¨‚è‚Å‚ ‚é4),5)•B ‚±‚ê ‚ç‚Ì •¬‰Ê ‚ÍElectro-chemical Society"-•s ‚Ì •uFullerenes•v‚É1500•Å ˆÈ•ã ‚Ì•ª OEú ‚¢"Á•W‚È‚Ç‚Ì •¬•' ‚É‚Ü‚AE ‚ß ‚ç‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é6)•B ƒt ƒ‰ •[ ƒOE ƒ"‚Ì OEõ-ã ‹N•ó'Ô‚ÌOE¤ ‹ † ‚àŠî'b ‚AE ‰ž-p ‚Ì-¼-Ê‚©‚ç Šˆ"Šˆ"-‚ÉOE¤ ‹ † ‚ª •s ‚í ‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚Ä,‚· ‚Å‚É‹» •±Šú‚©‚çˆÀ'èŠú‚É"ü ‚Á‚Ä-ˆ ‚½•BOEõ ‰» Šw‚Ì ŠÏ "_‚©‚çOE» •Ý ‚Ü‚Å‚Ì-ñ5"NŠÔ‚Ì OE¤ ‹ † ‚Ì •¬‰Ê ‚ð•Ð‰î ‚· ‚é•BOEõ ‰» Šw"I ‚É‹»-¡ ‚ª Ž• ‚½‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é‚Ì ‚Í •¡ ‚Ì ‚AE‚±‚ëC60‚AEC70‚Å‚ ‚é(Fig.1)•B OE¤ ‹ † ‚AE‚µ‚Ä‚Í ƒt ƒ‰ •[ ƒOE ƒ" ‚Ì •ª Žq•\ '¢ ‚ðOEµ-§‚É•Û‚Á‚½‚Ü‚Ü‚Å ,OEõ ƒGƒl ƒ‹ ƒM •[ ‚Ì "` 'B‚â OEõ-U ‹N"dŽqˆÚ"®‚È ‚Ç‚Ì OEõ ‹@ "\ ‚ð'Ç‹y ‚· ‚镨-• ‰» Šw"I'¤-Ê‚AE, OEõ "½ ‰ž ‚ð-˜-p‚µ‚ăt ƒ‰ •[ ƒOE ƒ"‚ð‰» Šw •C•ü ‚µ‚Ä•V‚½‚È‹@"\ ‚ð "-OE»‚³ ‚¹ ‚ae‚¤ ‚AE ‚· ‚é-L ‹@ ‰» Šw"I'¤-Ê‚ª ‚ ‚é•B‚±‚Ì '• •à ‚Å‚Í-¼ ŽÒ ‚Ì Šî-{"I ‚ÈOE¤ ‹ †-á ‚ð‚Ü‚AE ‚ß ‚½•B "OE-k'åŠw"½ ‰ž ‰» Šw OE¤ ‹ †•Š:• §980-77•å 'äŽs•Â-t ‹ae•Ð•½2-1-1 225