Table 1: Type 1 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease

Abstract

The leading cause of death in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is cardiovascular. The duration of diabetes is one of the most important predictors for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), along with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (cLDL) and HbA1c. Being diagnosed of T1DM before age 10 is been associated with a 90 times higher risk of AMI in women. It has been proposed, that a low-grade systemic inflammation state to be great prompt contributor. The combination of exercise electrocardiogram and an imaging technique provides diagnostic value for myocardial ischemia detection and future prognosis. Cardiovascular risk assessment in the older adult should be individualized by categorizing it, according to functionality and patient’s co morbidity and customized glycaemic and non-glycaemic targets. People with known heart disease or multiple cardiovascular risk factors should have personalized exercise recommendations, blood glucose intensified treatment and associated risk factors. In paediatric and adolescent population with T1DM, cardiovascular risk factors early screening, recognition and treatment has become essential to prevent or delay the onset and progression of cardiovascular events.