Effect of Bioactive Glass Nano Particulates and Nano Hydroxyapatite Coated by Chitosan on Odontogenic Differentiation and Proliferation of human Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate effect of Nano hydroxyapatite coated by Chitosan (NHAP/CS) and bioactive glass nano particulates (nBG) on odontogenic differentiation and proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Methods: hDPSCs were seeded in direct contact with the corresponding Nano-biomaterials in 5 groups: Group (Ι): NHAP (10µg/ml), Group (ΙΙ): NHAP/CS (10µg/ml), Group (ΙΙΙ): nBG (500µg/ml). Group (IV): hDPSCs were cultured with osteogenic medium as a positive control while Group (V): hDPSCs were cultured with Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) only as a negative control. Odontogenic differentiation was evaluated based on mineralization related genes .Gene expressions were verified using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay and immunofluorescence staining of Dentin matrix protein (DMP-1). Proliferation of cells was evaluated via Trypan Blue staining test and methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Results: All the tested Nano biomaterials exhibited favorable media for odontogenic differentiation and proliferation of hDPSCs. NHAP/CS showed the highest proliferation index via MTT, highest ALP concentration and highest DMP-1Immunofluorescence staining. Conclusions: Compared to pure NHAP and a major biomaterial as nBG, NHAP/CS can induce odontogenic differentiation and proliferation of hDPSCs and could be considered as a good candidate for dentin-pulp regenerative procedures.