Ficus benghalensis: A plant with potential pharmacological properties, from tradition to pharmacy

Abstract

Purpose: To undertake an overview of the potential pharmacological properties of Ficus benghalensisis. Methods: Data were acquired from several online sources, including Scopus, Elsevier Science Direct, PubMed, and Sci-Hub, using the keywords “Ficus benghalensis”, “medicinal plants”, “anti-oxidant”, “anti-inflammatory”, and “anti-cancer”. Results: Ficus benghalensis has valuable secondary metabolites including terpenoids, ketones, coumarins, oentacyclic, furocoumarin, flavonols, flavonoids, sterols, esters, carbohydrates, carboxylic acid, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Due to its phytochemical profile, it is regarded as a plant with potential pharmacological properties such as anti-diarrheal, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, immunomodulatory, anthelmintic, and anti-angiogenic. This review highlights the phytochemistry, traditional uses and pharmacological potential of Ficus benghalensis. Conclusion: Ficus benghalensis has potentials for treating several ailments. However, further research, including in vivo studies and preclinical trials, is necessary to ascertain its biological and pharmacological uses accurately.