Baseline Characteristics of Dupilumab-Treated Patients with Asthma in the Real World: The RAPID Global Registry

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with uncontrolled, moderate-to-severe asthma have a higher risk for exacerbations, negatively impacting lung function and quality of life. Dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody, blocks interleukins 4 and 13, key and central drivers of type 2 inflammation. Dupilumab has been effective in the treatment of certain types of moderate-to-severe asthma across several clinical trials. We describe the characteristics of patients enrolled in RAPID, a global prospective registry, who initiated dupilumab (primary indication: asthma) in a real-world clinical setting. Methods: A total of 205 patients (aged ≥ 12 years) were enrolled between March 2020 and October 2021 and are included in this analysis. Data are shown as mean (SD) unless stated otherwise. Results: Patients were aged 50.1 (17.4) years and were mostly female (65.4%) and white (74.1%). At enrollment, 24.4% reported being current/former smokers and 86.8% had moderate-to-severe asthma (Global Initiative for Asthma steps 3–5). A mean (SD) of 4.4 (6.4) severe asthma exacerbations were reported in the year before enrolling in the registry in 78 of 152 patients with available data. Patients had reduced lung function [pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1): 2.3 (1.1) L; pre-bronchodilator percent predicted FEV1: 70.3 (20.3) %] and poor asthma control [6-item Asthma Control Questionnaire: 2.4 (1.2); Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire: 4.1 (1.3)]. The median (Q1–Q3) blood eosinophil count was 305 (200–695) cells/µL and the mean (SD) fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels were 42 (35) ppb (range: 4–186 ppb). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that most patients who enrolled in RAPID and initiated dupilumab in real-world clinical settings had a high disease burden, despite receiving current standard-of-care treatment at enrollment.