Energy Consumption Prediction and Analysis for Electric Vehicles: A Hybrid Approach

Abstract

Range anxiety remains one of the main hurdles to the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). To mitigate this issue, accurate energy consumption prediction is required. In this study, a hybrid approach is proposed toward this objective by taking into account driving behavior, road conditions, natural environment, and additional weight. The main components of the EV were simulated using physical and equation-based models. A rich synthetic dataset illustrating different driving scenarios was then constructed. Real-world data were also collected using a city car. A machine learning model was built to relate the mechanical power to the electric power. The proposed predictive method achieved an R (Formula presented.) of 0.99 on test synthetic data and an R (Formula presented.) of 0.98 on real-world data. Furthermore, the instantaneous regenerative braking power efficiency as a function of the deceleration level was also investigated in this study.