Observational constraints on Yukawa cosmology and connection with black hole shadows

Abstract

We confront Yukawa modified cosmology, proposed in Jusufi et al. [arXiv:2304.11492], with data from Supernovae Type Ia (SNe Ia) and Hubble parameter (OHD) observations. Yukawa cosmology is obtained from a Yukawa-like gravitational potential, with coupling parameter α and wavelength parameter λ, which gives rise to modified Friedmann equations. We show that the agreement with observations is very efficient, and within 1σ confidence level we find the best-fit parameters λ=2693−1262+1191Mpc, α=0.416−0.326+1.137, and a graviton mass of mg=2.374−0.728+2.095×10−42GeV. Additionally, we establish a connection between the effective dark matter and dark energy density parameters and the angular radius of the black hole shadow of the SgrA and M87 black holes in the low-redshift limit, consistent with the Event Horizon Telescope findings.