Green Technology Innovation and Corporate ESG—Evidence Based on Listed Companies in China

Abstract

As the attention on sustainable corporate behavior intensifies, green technological innovation, as a key tool for achieving environmentally and socially sustainable development goals, has gradually become a focal point in many nations. This study investigates the impact of green technology innovation on corporate ESG performance using panel data from Chinese listed companies (2013–2022). The findings reveal that green technology innovation significantly enhances ESG outcomes, mediated by digital transformation and negatively moderated by financial constraints. The effect is particularly significant in state-owned enterprises and firms in eastern China. This research offers valuable theoretical foundations, actionable advice, and policy suggestions to assist enterprises in boosting their green transformation capabilities, refining their ESG practices, and enhancing their overall performance.