A Review on the Molecular Mechanism, Superiorities, Appli-cations, Limitations and Experimental Workflow of CRISPR/Cas-9 System, and the Future of Gene Engineering

Abstract

Gene engineering has been in development since the 1970s. The appearance of CRISPR/Cas-9 system, a gene engineering technology, even brought the wave of developing to its unprecedented peak. Meanwhile, the drastic growth and maturity of CRISPR made the public, represented by popular presses, to question the integrity and rightfulness of scientists to develop and apply CRISPR system, causing intense worldwide ethical battles of humanity. However, without relative knowledge background, rational and logical judgment can be hard to make. Us-ing qualitative research techniques, this research has thoroughly reviewed previous literatures that introduced the molecular mechanism, superiorities over other technologies, applications and limitations of CRISPR/Cas-9 system in order to give comprehensible introduction for the public. Using quantitative research methods, this research investigated the attitudes came from the pub-lic and science community toward the ethical issues around the use of gene engineering tools such as CRISPR in the form of numerical comparisons. More than 50% of people stand neutral in this battle, but there were more supporters of developing gene engineering technologies in the science community than that of in the public presses, which produces a necessity for countries to call for a pause of current developments, and to assemble national leaders to have a serious discussion.